ABSTRACT
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. power sector witnessed remarkable electricity demand changes in many geographical regions. These changes were evident in population-dense cities. This paper incorporates a techno-economic analysis of energy storage systems (ESSs) to investigate the pandemic's influence on ESS development. In particular, we employ a linear program-based revenue maximization model to capture the revenues of ESS from participating in the electricity market, by performing arbitrage on the energy trading, and regulation market, by providing regulation services to stabilize the grid's frequency. We consider five dominant energy storage technologies in the U.S., namely, Lithium-ion, Advanced Lead Acid, Flywheel, Vanadium Redox Flow, and Lithium-Iron Phosphate storage technologies. Extensive numerical results conducted on the case of New York City (NYC) allow us to highlight the negative impact that COVID-19 had on the NYC power sector. © 2023 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Solar and wind power systems have been prime solutions to the challenges centered on reliable power supply, sustainability, and energy costs for several years. However, there are still various challenges in these renewable industries, especially regarding limited peak periods. Solar–wind hybrid technology introduced to mitigate these setbacks has significant drawbacks and suffers from low adoption rates in many geographies. Hence, it is essential to investigate the challenges faced with these technologies and analyze the viable solutions proposed. This work examined solar–wind hybrid plants’ economic and technical opportunities and challenges. In the present work, the pressing challenges solar–wind hybrids face were detailed through extensive case studies, the case study of enabling policies in India, and overproduction in Germany. Presently, the principal challenges of solar–wind hybrids are overproduction, enabling policies, and electricity storage. This review highlights specific, viable, proposed solutions to these problems. As already recorded in the literature, it was discovered that academic research in this space focuses majorly on the techno-economic and seemingly theoretical aspects of these hybrid systems. In contrast, reports and publications from original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and engineering, procurement, and construction engineers (EPCs) are more rounded, featuring real-life application and implementation.
ABSTRACT
The paper considers a residential consumer living in Ontario, who is a customer of Hydro One, an electricity transmission and distribution service provider. The customer is the owner of a smart home with smart appliances who can participate in any demand response (DR) program by any communication medium. The customer has a solar photovoltaic set up on the roof, a battery energy storage system, and an electric vehicle with some thermostatically and non-thermostatically controlled appliances. The price tariffs of the country are rapidly changing due to the economic attack of Covid-19. These changing tariffs are considered as scenarios, and the effect of the tariffs on the customer’s electricity bill is analyzed. The scenarios are formulated as a simple mixed integer linear programming problem. All the events are optimized by different DR programs using the CPLEX solver of GAMS software for minimization of the cost. This paper also investigates the peak to average ratio of the power demand in each scenario. Different strategies for controlling the power transfer from the grid are employed as DR programs, and the results are analyzed in detail. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.